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Note 1. Overview Soleno Therapeutics, Inc. (the Company or Soleno) is focused on the development and commercialization of novel therapeutics for the treatment of rare diseases. Its lead candidate is DCCR (Diazoxide Choline) Extended-Release tablets, a once-daily oral tablet for the treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). DCCR has received orphan designation for the treatment of PWS in the United States (U.S.) as well as in the European Union (E.U.).The Company incorporated in the State of Delaware on August 25, 1999, and is located in Redwood City, California. It initially established its operations as Capnia, a diversified healthcare company that developed and commercialized innovative diagnostics, devices and therapeutics addressing unmet medical needs. During 2017, the Company merged with Essentialis, Inc (Essentialis) and subsequently received stockholder approval to amend its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to change its name from “Capnia, Inc.” to “Soleno Therapeutics, Inc.”. Essentialis was a privately held clinical-stage company focused on the development of breakthrough medicines for the treatment of rare diseases where there is increased mortality and risk of cardiovascular and endocrine complications. After the merger, the Company’s primary focus has been the development and commercialization of novel therapeutics for the treatment of rare diseases and the Company divested all prior business efforts.

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Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial reporting and as required by Regulation S-X, Rule 10-01. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (including those which are normal and recurring) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial information have been included. When preparing financial statements in conformity with GAAP, the Company must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosures at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Additionally, operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. For further information, refer to the financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s annual financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, which are included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 7, 2024.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) or other standard setting bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date.In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which amends the guidance in ASC 740, Income Taxes. This ASU is intended to improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Adoption is permitted either prospectively or retrospectively, and the Company will adopt this ASU on a prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not currently expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption.

Marketable securities, all of which are classified as available-for-sale securities, consisted of the following at March 31, 2024 (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:89.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:31.425%;"></td> <td style="width:1.661%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:13.667%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.661%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:13.667%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.661%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:13.465%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.661%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:13.129%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">March 31, 2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Amortized Cost</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Gains</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Unrealized Losses</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Estimated Fair Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">U.S. Treasury securities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">115,706</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">-</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(105</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid 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105000

115601000

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:90.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:50.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Total</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Level 2</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Level 3</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Assets</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Money market funds</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">22,578</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">22,578</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">U.S. Treasury securities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">115,601</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">115,601</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total assets</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">138,179</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">22,578</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">115,601</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Liabilities</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Essentialis purchase price contingency liability</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,950</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,950</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total liabilities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">11,950</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">11,950</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table> <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:90.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:50.38%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.184000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Total</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Level 1</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Level 2</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Level 3</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Liabilities</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Essentialis purchase price contingency liability</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,549</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">11,549</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total liabilities</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">11,549</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">11,549</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table>

22578000

115601000

138179000

22578000

115601000

11950000

11549000

21200000 100000000 200000000 0.88 0.88

11549000

401000

11950000

34241

1000

8835000

299000

34241

1000

9134000

34241

Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies Facility Leases The Company’s operating lease for its headquarters facility office space in Redwood City, California began in June 2021 and expired in May 2023. In April 2023, the Company entered into a twenty-four month lease extension commencing on June 1, 2023. The term of the lease extension expires in May 2025. On February 8, 2024, the Company entered into a six-month office license agreement to license 4,141 square feet of additional space adjacent to its existing office where the Company is currently located. The term for the additional space expires on October 31, 2024, unless terminated earlier in accordance with the license agreement.The Company's operating lease ROU assets, current operating lease liabilities and long-term operating lease liabilities each appear as a separate line within the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company's short-term liabilities were equal to $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and the long-term operating lease liabilities were equal to $37 thousand and $0.1 million, respectively. Due to the short-term nature of the February 2024 office license agreement, the license agreement obligations are not included in the Company's right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet.In 2023, the Company recorded an increase to its right-of-use asset by $0.6 million and an increase to its lease liability by $0.6 million as a result of the 2023 lease extension. The weighted average discount rate related to the Company's lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024 was 8.25% over a remaining term of 14 months. The weighted average discount rate related to the Company's lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 was 8.25% over a remaining term of 17 months. The discount rate was determined based on estimates of the Company’s incremental borrowing rate, as the discount rate implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined. <div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The following is a schedule by year of future maturities of the Company's operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024 (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:78.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:80.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1.48%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:16.3%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">2024 (remainder of the year)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">191</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">2025</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">175</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total lease payments</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">366</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Less interest</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(19</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">347</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The components of lease expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:96.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:76.74%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.280000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.04%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:8.940000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Three Months Ended March 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Operating lease cost:</td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Operating lease cost</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">77</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">81</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Variable lease cost</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Short-term lease cost</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">34</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total operating lease cost</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">115</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">91</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> </table></div><div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:95.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:65.181%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:14.568000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.166%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:14.084%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Three Months Ended March 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Operating cash flows from operating leases</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">64</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">119</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>Contingencies In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general indemnifications. The Company’s exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future but have not yet been made. The Company accrues a liability for such matters when it is probable that future expenditures will be made, and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated.

began in June 2021 and expired in May 2023.

2021-06 2023-05

P24M

2025-05

P6M

4141

2024-10-31

300000

37000

100000

600000 600000

0.0825

P14M

0.0825

P17M

191000

175000

366000

19000

347000

77000

81000

4000

34000

10000

115000

91000

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:95.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:65.181%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:14.568000000000001%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.166%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:14.084%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Three Months Ended March 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Operating cash flows from operating leases</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">64</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">119</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> </table>

64000

119000

Note 7. Stockholders’ Equity Convertible Preferred Stock The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. Public Offering of Common Stock and Concurrent Private Placement of Common Stock and Pre-Funded WarrantsOn October 2, 2023, the Company closed an underwritten public offering of 3,450,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering of $20.00 per share, which included the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares. The gross proceeds of the public offering were $69.0 million, before deducting the underwriting discount and other offering expenses. Concurrently, the Company also completed the closing of 1,825,000 shares of its common stock and 1,175,000 pre-funded warrants in a private offering pursuant to a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, including entities affiliated with existing stockholders, at a price per share of common stock equal to the public offering price of $20.00 and a price per per-funded warrant of $19.99, for total gross proceeds of approximately $60.0 million. In aggregate, the Company received $129.0 million of gross proceeds less offering costs of $8.2 million The Company is not required under any circumstance to settle any of the pre-funded warrants for cash, and therefore classified the pre-funded warrants as permanent equity.Securities Purchase AgreementOn December 16, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement for a private placement (Private Placement) with certain entities and members of management (collectively, Purchasers). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to sell to the Purchasers warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 22,598,870 shares of the Company’s common stock, at a purchase price of $0.4425 per warrant. The closing of the Private Placement occurred on May 8, 2023 (the Issue Date), following the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, including the completion of enrollment in the randomized withdrawal period of Study C602. The Company received gross proceeds of $10.0 million for the sale and issuance of warrants to purchase common stock.The warrants were separated into two tranches with 8,598,870 Tranche A Warrants with an exercise price of $1.75 per share and an aggregate proceeds of up to approximately $15.0 million, and 14,000,000 Tranche B Warrants with an exercise price of $2.50 per share and an aggregate proceeds of up to $35.0 million. The Tranche A warrants were immediately exercisable and were required to be exercised within 30 days of announcement of positive top-line data from the randomized withdrawal period of Study C602. On September 26, 2023, the Company announced positive top-line data and subsequently received $15.0 million from the exercise of the Tranche A warrants. The Tranche B warrants are also immediately exercisable and expire upon the earlier of 3.5 years from the date of issuance or 30 days following receipt of FDA approval of DCCR for the treatment of PWS. Through March 31, 2024, certain investors had exercised their Tranche B warrants and the Company has received $18.5 million. The receipt of the aggregate exercise price of up to $16.5 million for the remaining Tranche B warrants is contingent upon the exercise of such warrants. Underwritten Public Offering On March 31, 2022, the Company sold 2,666,667 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $3.75 per share, and for certain investors, in lieu of common stock, pre-funded warrants (the 2022 pre-funded warrants) to purchase 1,333,333 shares of its common stock at a public offering price $3.60 per pre-funded warrant, which represents the per share public offering price for the common stock less the $0.15 per share exercise price for each 2022 pre-funded warrant. The March 2022 pre-funded warrants are immediately exercisable and may be exercised at any time until all of the March 2022 pre-funded warrants are exercised in full. Each share of common stock or March 2022 pre-funded warrant was sold together with one, immediately exercisable, common warrant (the 2022 common warrants) with a five-year term to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $4.50 per share. The net proceeds of the offering were $13.8 million, after deducting the underwriting discount and other offering expenses. The Company is not required under any circumstance to settle any of the 2022 pre-funded warrants or the 2022 common warrants for cash, and therefore classified both types of warrants as permanent equity.Through March 31, 2024, 2,190,932 of the March 2022 common warrants had been exercised for gross proceeds of $9.8 million and all 1,280,965 of the March 2022 pre-funded warrants were exercised in 2023 using the cashless exercise option with no additional proceeds received by the Company.Other Common Stock Warrants As of March 31, 2024, the Company had 6,804 common stock warrants outstanding from the 2010/2012 convertible notes, with an exercise price of $365.25 and a term of 10 years expiring in November 2024. The Company also had 1,100 common stock warrants issued to the underwriter in the Company’s IPO, with an exercise price of $535.50 and a term of 10 years, expiring in November 2024. <div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the following table summarizes the Company's outstanding common stock warrants: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:27.94%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:11.3%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.4%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.76%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:11.3%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.4%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.84%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.4%;"></td> <td style="width:13.66%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">As of March 31, 2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">As of December 31, 2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Number of Common Warrant Shares</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Number of Common Warrant Shares</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Expiration Date</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Common stock warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7,904</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">388.94</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7,904</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">388.94</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2024</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">March 2022 Common warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,809,068</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">4.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,929,066</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">4.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">March 2027</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">May 2023 Tranche A pre-funded warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,258,281</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,758,281</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2026</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">May 2023 Tranche B warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">6,600,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">6,750,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2026 (1)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">May 2023 Tranche B pre-funded warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">451,632</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">451,632</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2026</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">October 2023 pre-funded warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">300,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">1,175,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">N/A</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">11,426,885</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">13,071,883</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> </table>(1) Subject to earlier expiration as described above.</div>Equity Incentive Plans 2014 PlanThe Company maintains the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2014 Plan). Under the 2014 Plan the Company may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units or performance shares to employees, directors, advisors, and consultants. Options granted under the 2014 Plan may be incentive stock options (ISOs) or nonqualified stock options (NSOs). ISOs may be granted only to Company employees, including officers and directors. The Board has the authority to determine to whom stock options will be granted, the number of options, the term, and the exercise price. Options are to be granted at an exercise price not less than fair value. For individuals holding more than 10% of the voting rights of all classes of stock, the exercise price of an option will not be less than 110% of fair value. Performance-based grants have vesting contingent upon the achievement of certain performance criteria related to the Company’s commercialization of its therapeutics. The contractual term of an option is no longer than five years for ISOs for which the grantee owns greater than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock and no longer than ten years for all other options. The terms and conditions governing restricted stock units is at the sole discretion of the Board. On January 17, 2024, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-8 which registered an additional 1,000,000 shares automatically available for issuance under the 2014 Plan as of December 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2024, a total of 392,044 shares are available for future grant under the 2014 Plan. Inducement PlanThe Company maintains the 2020 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan (the Inducement Plan). The Inducement Plan provides for the grant of equity-based awards, including non-statutory stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, performance shares and performance units, and its terms are substantially similar to the 2014 Plan.In accordance with Rule 5635(c)(4) and Rule 5635(c)(3) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, awards under the Inducement Plan may only be made to individuals not previously employees or non-employee directors of the Company (or following such individuals’ bona fide period of non-employment with the Company), as an inducement material to the individuals’ entry into employment with the Company, or, to the extent permitted by Rule 5635(c)(3) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, in connection with a merger or acquisition. On January 31, 2024, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-8 which registered 500,000 shares available for issuance under the Inducement Plan, which became available for issuance following approval of the Board of Directors on January 24, 2024.As of March 31, 2024, a total of 452,868 shares are available for future grant under the Inducement Plan. Stock-based compensation expenseThe Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense related to options and restricted stock units granted to employees, directors and consultants. The compensation expense is allocated on a departmental basis, based on the classification of the award holder. No income tax benefits have been recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for stock-based compensation arrangements during any of the periods presented.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Stock-based compensation expense was recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as follows (in thousands): <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:70.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:56.409%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:18.416%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:2.759%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:18.416%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;">Three Months Ended March 31,</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Research and development</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,461</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">182</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">General and administrative</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">3,984</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">449</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">6,445</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">631</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>Stock OptionsThe Company granted options to purchase 736,680 and 240,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to employees and a consultant during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were no performance-based options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The fair value of each award granted was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:<div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:75.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:57.24%;"></td> <td style="width:20.8%;"></td> <td style="width:1.86%;"></td> <td style="width:20.1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Three Months Ended March 31,</td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Expected life (years)</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">5.8-6.1</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">6.0</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Risk-free interest rate</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">4.0%-4.1%</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">3.5%-4.0%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Volatility</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">122%-124%</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">98%-99%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Dividend rate</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">— %</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">— %</td> </tr> </table></div>The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the use of highly subjective assumptions to estimate the fair value of stock-based awards. These assumptions include the following estimates: <div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.398%;text-align:left;">•<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Expected life: The expected life of stock options represents the period of time that the options are expected to be outstanding. Due to the lack of historical exercise history, the expected life of the Company’s service-based stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified method”, based on the average of the contractual term of the options and the weighted-average vesting period. The expected life for the performance-based options was determined based on consideration of the contractual term of the stock options, an estimate of the date the performance criteria would be met and expectations of employee behavior.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.398%;text-align:left;">•<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Risk-free interest rate: The risk-free interest rate is based on the yields of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities similar to the expected life of the stock options.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.398%;text-align:left;">•<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Volatility: The estimated volatility rate is based on the volatilities of the Company’s common stock for a historical period equal to the expected life of the stock options.</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.398%;text-align:left;">•<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">Dividend rate: The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not presently plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, the Company used an expected dividend yield of zero. </div></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The following table summarizes stock option transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2024 which were for awards issued under the 2014 Plan and the Inducement Plan: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:50.11%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.662%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:8.942%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.662%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.182%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Number of Options</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Weighted- Average Exercise Price per</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Aggregate Intrinsic Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Outstanding</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Share</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">(in years)</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">(in thousands)</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance at January 1, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,369,665</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">11.56</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">8.72</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">70,834</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options granted</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">736,680</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">41.61</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options exercised</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options canceled/forfeited</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(3,489</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">5.14</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,102,856</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">18.70</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">8.80</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">78,661</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options exercisable at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">949,919</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">16.59</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">7.74</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">27,528</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,079,898</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">18.59</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">8.81</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">78,661</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted was $36.70 and $1.88 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At March 31, 2024, total unrecognized employee stock-based compensation related to stock options that are likely to vest was $33.1 million, which is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining vesting period of 2.7 years. Restricted Stock Units There were 359,030 restricted stock units granted to employees by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, there were 10,000 performance-based restricted stock units granted by the Company to a consultant. There were no restricted stock units granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The shares were valued based on the Company’s common stock price on the grant date.<div style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The following table summarizes restricted stock unit transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as issued under the 2014 Plan: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:74.64%;"></td> <td style="width:1.74%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:8.88%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.76%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:8.98%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Number of Restricted Stock Units</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value per Share</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Outstanding at January 1, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">15,534</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">43.92</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Restricted stock units granted</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">369,030</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">36.96</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Restricted stock units vested</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">(85,284</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">38.79</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Restricted stock units canceled/forfeited</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">-</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.00</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Outstanding at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">299,280</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">36.80</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> </table></div>The weighted-average grant-date fair value of all restricted stock units granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $36.96. There were no restricted stock units granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The fair value of all restricted stock units vested during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $3.7 million and $23,000, respectively. At March 31, 2024, total unrecognized employee stock-based compensation related to restricted stock units was $10.4 million, which is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining vesting period of 0.6 years.2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan The Company’s board of directors and stockholders have adopted the 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP). The ESPP has become effective, and the board of directors will implement commencement of offers thereunder in its discretion. A total of 1,864 shares of the Company’s common stock has been made available for sale under the ESPP. In addition, the ESPP provides for annual increases in the number of shares available for issuance under the plan on the first day of each year beginning in the year following the initial date that the board of directors authorizes commencement, equal to the least of: <div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;">•<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">1.0% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock on the first day of such year;</div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;">•<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">3,729 shares; or </div></div><div style="margin-left:4.537%;display:flex;margin-top:6pt;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;">•<div style="width:100%;display:inline;">such amount as determined by the board of directors. </div></div>As of March 31, 2024, there were no purchases by employees under this plan.

10000000

3450000

20.00

69000000 1825000 1175000

20.00

19.99 60000000

129000000

8200000

22598870

0.4425

10000000

8598870

1.75

15000000

14000000

2.50

35000000 P30D

15000000

P3Y6M P30D

18500000

16500000

2666667

3.75

1333333

3.60 0.15

P5Y

4.50

13800000 2190932

9800000

1280965

6804

365.25

P10Y 2024-11

1100

535.5

P10Y 2024-11

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the following table summarizes the Company's outstanding common stock warrants: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:27.94%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:11.3%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.4%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.76%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:11.3%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.4%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:10.84%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.4%;"></td> <td style="width:13.66%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">As of March 31, 2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">As of December 31, 2023</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Number of Common Warrant Shares</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Number of Common Warrant Shares</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Expiration Date</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Common stock warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7,904</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">388.94</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">7,904</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">388.94</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2024</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">March 2022 Common warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,809,068</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">4.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">1,929,066</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">4.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">March 2027</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">May 2023 Tranche A pre-funded warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,258,281</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,758,281</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2026</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">May 2023 Tranche B warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">6,600,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">6,750,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2.50</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2026 (1)</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">May 2023 Tranche B pre-funded warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">451,632</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">451,632</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">November 2026</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">October 2023 pre-funded warrants</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">300,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">1,175,000</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">0.01</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">N/A</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Total</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">11,426,885</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">13,071,883</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> </table>(1) Subject to earlier expiration as described above.

7904

388.94

7904

388.94

2024-11

1809068

4.50

1929066

4.50

2027-03

2258281

0.01

2758281

0.01

2026-11

6600000

2.50

6750000

2.50

2026-11

451632

0.01

451632

0.01

2026-11

300000

0.01

1175000

0.01

11426885

13071883

0.10

1.10

P5Y

P10Y

1000000

392044

500000

452868

2461000

182000

3984000

449000

6445000

631000

736680

240000

The fair value of each award granted was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:75.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:57.24%;"></td> <td style="width:20.8%;"></td> <td style="width:1.86%;"></td> <td style="width:20.1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Three Months Ended March 31,</td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2024</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">2023</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Expected life (years)</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">5.8-6.1</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">6.0</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Risk-free interest rate</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">4.0%-4.1%</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">3.5%-4.0%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Volatility</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">122%-124%</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">98%-99%</td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Dividend rate</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">— %</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">— %</td> </tr> </table>

P5Y9M18D

P6Y1M6D

P6Y

0.04

0.041

0.035

0.04

1.22

1.24

0.98

0.99

The following table summarizes stock option transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2024 which were for awards issued under the 2014 Plan and the Inducement Plan: <table style="margin-left:auto;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;margin-right:auto;"> <tr style="visibility:collapse;"> <td style="width:50.11%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.662%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:8.942%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.662%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:1.22%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> <td style="width:9.182%;"></td> <td style="width:1%;"></td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Number of Options</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Weighted- Average Exercise Price per</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term</td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;">Aggregate Intrinsic Value</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:8pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;"> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Outstanding</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">Share</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">(in years)</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:left;">(in thousands)</td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:left;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance at January 1, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">2,369,665</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">11.56</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">8.72</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">70,834</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options granted</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">736,680</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">41.61</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options exercised</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;">—</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="text-indent:10pt;white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options canceled/forfeited</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">(3,489</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;">)</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;">5.14</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:0.5pt solid #ffffff03;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Balance at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,102,856</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">18.70</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">8.80</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">78,661</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#ffffff;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options exercisable at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">949,919</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">16.59</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">7.74</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">27,528</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#cff0fc;word-break:break-word;"> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:top;">Options vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2024</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">3,079,898</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">18.59</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">8.81</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;"> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;">$</td> <td style="white-space:pre-wrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #000000;text-align:center;">78,661</td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:bottom;border-bottom:2.25pt double #ffffff03;"> </td> </tr> </table>

2369665

11.56

P8Y8M19D

70834000

736680

41.61

3489

5.14

3102856

18.70

P8Y9M18D

78661000

949919

16.59

P7Y8M26D

27528000

3079898

18.59

P8Y9M21D

78661000

36.70

1.88

33100000

P2Y8M12D

359030

10000

15534

43.92

369030

36.96

85284

38.79

0.00

299280

36.80

36.96

3700000

23000000

10400000

P0Y7M6D

1864

0.010

3729

32432524

8166385

1280965

2408830

451632

915385

36208371

9447350

6804

1100

34241

1809068

4000000

6600000

3102856

926325

299280

9534

11819108

4978004

3450000

158700000